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Last updated - August 26, 2004


Table 8.1. Main Indicators of Transition Countries in 2002

Armenia

CIS

Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

South-Eastern Europe

Growth in Real GDP (%)

13.2

4.8

2.5

4.4
GDP per capita (USD)

792.1

1,605

5,293

1,811

Inflation, median for the region (annual average, %)

1.1

5.8

2.4

5.9

Inflation, mean for the region (annual average, %)

1.2

11.0

3.0

11.5

General Government Balance / GDP (%)

-0.6

-0.8

-4.4

-4.1

Current Account Balance / GDP (%)

-6.2

-1.0

-5.5

-9.8
Note: Data for 1991-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS". EDRC calculations.

Table 8.2. GDP per capita in Transition Countries (USD)
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

CIS*

1,490

1,846

1,902

1,337

984

1,226

1,444

1,605

Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States*

3,633

3,993

3,988

4,422

4,335

4,308

4,759

5,293

South-Eastern Europe*

1,433

1,375

1,417

1,574

1,468

1,435

1,586

1,811
CIS

Armenia

409

507

522

605

590

615

680

789.5

Azerbaijan

313

407

503

559

572

659

706

798

Belarus

1,009

1,350

1,368

1,492

1,211

1,274

1,217

1,408

Georgia

535

563

657

771

524

570

601

na

Kazakhstan

1,040

1,333

1,429

1,452

1,127

1,231

1,505

1,697

Kyrgyz Republic

331

398

382

350

266

290

321

334

Moldova

387

443

507

449

306

334

375

381

Russia

2,276

2,829

2,903

1,848

1,330

1,784

2,137

2,346

Tajikistan

114

177

187

216

174

161

157

186

Turkmenistan

592

464

195

510

388

473

541

648

Ukraine

720

869

985

828

631

634

767

820

Uzbekistan

404

541

457

449

341

273

252

308
Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

Croatia

4,029

4,422

4,398

4,805

4,371

4,206

4,385

4,992

Czech Republic

5,049

5,601

5,143

5,535

5,332

4,984

5,547

6,742

Estonia

2,503

3,098

3,312

3,788

3,790

3,761

4,039

4,714

Hungary

4,359

4,425

4,495

4,641

4,757

4,637

5,083

6,220

Latvia

1,764

2,054

2,289

2,538

2,792

3,032

3,269

3,693

Lithuania

1,714

2,197

2,703

3,079

3,033

3,205

3,417

3,988

Poland

3,085

3,483

3,511

4,066

3,987

4,108

4,649

4,803

Slovak Republic

3,423

3,679

3,802

3,970

3,650

3,556

3,694

4,250

Slovenia

9,418

9,501

9,172

9,900

10,098

9,106

9,509

10,677
South-Eastern Europe

Albania

761

817

681

903

1,078

1,094

1,330

1,514

Bosnia and Herzegovina

491

721

901

1,097

1,233

1,191

1,261

1,379

Bulgaria

1,563

1,187

1,257

1,548

1,582

1,551

1,679

1,966

FYR Macedonia

2,267

2,225

1,867

1,790

1,837

1,792

1,753

1,939

Romania

1,564

1,563

1,565

1,872

1,585

1,644

1,752

1,979

Serbia and Montenegro

na

1,367

1,562

1,308

1,220

942

1,267

1,498
* Estimates for GDP per capita represent weighted averages
Note: Data for 1995-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS". EDRC calculations.

Figure 1. GDP per capita in Armenia, Russia and the CIS (in US dollars)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.3. Growth in Real GDP in Transition Countries (in per cent)
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

CIS*

-6.0

-17.4

-12.7

-14.1

-4.9

-3.4

1.0

-3.7

4.2

8.4

5.9

4.8

Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States*

-10.3

-2.2

0.3

3.9

5.4

4.7

5.0

3.7

2.9

4.0

2.5

2.5

South-Eastern Europe*

-14.8

-9.6

-2.4

3.0

6.4

3.6

-0.5

-0.2

-2.4

3.6

4.6

4.4
CIS

Armenia

-11.7

-41.8

-8.8

5.4

6.9

5.9

3.3

7.3

3.3

6.0

9.6

13.2

Azerbaijan

-0.7

-22.6

-23.1

-19.7

-11.8

0.8

6.0

10.0

9.5

11.1

9.9

10.6

Belarus

-1.2

-9.6

-7.6

-12.6

-10.4

2.8

11.4

8.4

3.4

5.8

4.1

4.7

Georgia

-20.6

-44.8

-25.4

-11.4

2.4

10.5

10.8

2.9

3.0

1.9

4.5

5.4

Kazakhstan

-11.0

-5.3

-9.3

-12.6

-8.2

0.5

1.7

-1.9

2.7

9.8

13.5

9.5

Kyrgyz Republic

-5.0

-19.0

-15.5

-20.1

-5.4

7.1

9.9

2.1

3.7

5.4

5.3

-0.5

Moldova

-17.5

-29.1

-1.2

-31.2

-1.4

-5.9

1.6

-6.5

-3.4

2.1

6.1

7.2

Russia

-5.5

-18.6

-13.0

-13.5

-4.1

-3.4

0.9

-4.9

5.4

9.0

5.0

4.3

Tajikistan

-7.1

-29.0

-11.0

-18.9

-12.5

-4.4

1.7

5.3

3.7

8.3

10.3

9.1

Turkmenistan

-4.7

-5.3

-10.0

-17.3

-7.2

-6.7

-11.3

7.0

16.5

17.6

11.8

5.1

Ukraine

-10.6

-9.7

-14.2

-22.9

-1.2

-10.0

-3.0

-1.9

-0.2

5.9

9.1

4.6

Uzbekistan

-0.5

-11.1

-2.3

-4.2

-0.9

1.6

2.5

4.3

4.3

3.8

4.2

4.2
Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

Croatia

-21.1

-11.7

-8.0

5.9

6.8

6.0

6.5

2.5

-0.9

2.9

3.8

5.2

Czech Republic

-11.6

-0.5

0.1

2.2

5.9

4.3

-0.8

-1.0

0.5

3.3

3.1

2.0

Estonia

-13.6

-14.2

-8.8

-2.0

4.3

3.9

9.8

4.6

-0.6

7.1

5.0

5.8

Hungary

-11.9

-3.1

-0.6

2.9

1.5

1.3

4.6

4.9

4.2

5.2

3.7

3.3

Latvia

-10.4

-34.9

-14.9

2.2

-0.9

3.7

8.4

4.8

2.8

6.8

7.9

6.1

Lithuania

-5.7

-21.0

-16.2

-9.8

3.3

4.7

7.0

7.3

-1.8

4.0

6.5

6.7

Poland

-7.0

2.6

3.8

5.2

7.0

6.0

6.8

4.8

4.1

4.0

1.0

1.3

Slovak Republic

-14.6

-6.5

-3.7

4.9

6.7

6.2

6.2

4.1

1.9

2.2

3.3

4.4

Slovenia

-8.9

-5.5

2.8

5.3

4.1

3.5

4.6

3.8

5.2

4.6

3.0

2.9
South-Eastern Europe

Albania

-28.0

-7.2

9.6

8.3

13.3

9.1

-7.0

8.0

7.3

7.8

6.5

4.7

Bosnia and Herzegovina

-12.1

-30.0

-40.0

-40.0

20.8

86.0

37.0

15.6

9.6

5.6

4.5

3.8

Bulgaria

-11.7

-7.3

-1.5

1.8

2.9

-9.4

-5.6

4.0

2.3

5.4

4.0

4.5

FYR Macedonia

-7.0

-8.0

-9.1

-1.8

-1.2

1.2

1.4

3.4

4.3

4.6

-4.1

0.0

Romania

-12.9

-8.8

1.5

3.9

7.1

4.0

-6.1

-4.8

-1.2

1.8

5.3

4.9

Serbia and Montenegro

-11.6

-27.9

-30.8

2.5

6.1

7.8

10.1

1.9

-18.0

5.0

5.5

4.0
* Estimates for Real GDP represent weighted averages
Note: Data for 1991-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

Figure 2. Growth in Real GDP in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (in per cent)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Figure 3. Real GDP Growth Index in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (1990=100%)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.4. Inflation in Transition Countries (average, in per cent)
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
CIS

Armenia

274.0

1,346.0

1,822.0

4,962.0

176.0

18.7

13.9

8.7

0.6

-0.8

3.1

1.1

Azerbaijan

107.0

912.0

1,129.0

1,664.0

412.0

19.7

3.5

-0.8

-8.5

1.8

1.5

2.8

Belarus

94.1

970.8

1,190.2

2,221.0

709.3

52.7

63.8

73.2

293.8

168.9

61.4

42.6

Georgia

79.0

887.4

3,125.4

15,606.5

162.7

39.4

7.1

3.6

19.2

4.1

4.6

5.6

Kazakhstan

78.8

1,381.0

1,662.3

1,892.0

176.3

39.1

17.4

7.3

8.3

13.2

8.4

5.9

Kyrgyz Republic

85.0

855.0

772.4

180.7

43.5

31.9

23.4

10.5

35.9

18.7

6.9

2.1

Moldova

98.0

1,276.4

788.5

329.7

30.2

23.5

11.8

7.7

39.3

31.3

9.8

5.3

Russia

92.7

1,526.0

875.0

311.4

197.7

47.8

14.7

27.6

86.1

20.8

21.6

15.7

Tajikistan

112.0

1,157.0

2,195.0

350.0

609.0

418.0

88.0

43.2

27.6

32.9

38.6

12.2

Turkmenistan

103.0

493.0

3,102.0

1,748.0

1,005.3

992.4

83.7

16.8

24.2

8.3

11.6

10.6

Ukraine

91.0

1,210.0

4,734.0

891.0

377.0

80.0

15.9

10.5

22.7

28.2

12.0

0.8

Uzbekistan

109.7

645.2

534.2

1,568.3

304.6

54.0

70.9

29.0

29.1

25.0

27.2

27.6

Median

96.1

1,063.9

1,426.3

1,616.2

251.2

43.6

16.7

10.5

25.9

19.8

10.7

5.8

Mean

110.4

1,055.0

1,827.5

2,643.7

350.3

151.4

34.5

19.8

48.2

29.4

17.2

11.0
Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

Croatia

123.0

665.5

1,517.5

97.6

2.0

3.5

3.6

5.7

4.2

6.2

4.9

2.4

Czech Republic

52.0

11.1

20.8

9.9

9.1

8.8

8.5

10.7

2.1

3.9

4.7

1.8

Estonia

210.5

1,076.0

89.8

47.7

29.0

23.1

11.2

8.1

3.3

4.0

5.8

3.6

Hungary

35.0

23.0

22.5

18.8

28.2

23.6

18.3

14.3

10.0

9.8

9.2

4.8

Latvia

172.2

951.2

109.2

35.9

25.0

17.6

8.4

4.7

2.4

2.6

2.5

1.9

Lithuania

224.7

1,020.5

410.4

72.1

39.6

24.6

8.9

5.1

0.8

1.0

1.3

0.3

Poland

70.3

43.0

35.3

32.2

27.8

19.9

14.9

11.8

7.3

10.1

5.5

1.7

Slovak Republic

61.2

10.0

23.2

13.4

9.9

5.8

6.1

6.7

10.6

12.0

7.3

3.3

Slovenia

117.7

207.3

32.9

21.0

13.5

9.9

8.4

7.9

6.1

8.9

8.4

7.5

Median

117.7

207.3

35.3

32.2

25.0

17.6

8.5

7.9

4.2

6.2

5.5

2.4

Mean

118.5

445.3

251.3

38.7

20.5

15.2

9.8

8.3

5.2

6.5

5.5

3.0
South-Eastern Europe

Albania

35.5

226.0

85.0

22.6

7.8

12.7

33.2

20.6

0.4

0.1

3.1

5.4

Bosnia and Herzegovina

333.5

82.0

73.0

96.3

62.0

123.0

1,082.0

22.2

0.7

9.9

7.4

5.9

Bulgaria

114.9

1,664.4

338.4

126.5

16.4

2.5

0.8

2.3

-1.3

6.5

5.3

2.4

FYR Macedonia

170.2

210.4

256.1

136.7

32.3

38.8

154.8

59.1

45.8

45.7

34.5

22.5

Romania

35.5

226.0

85.0

22.6

7.8

12.7

33.2

20.6

0.4

0.1

3.1

5.4

Serbia and Montenegro

121.0

9,237.0

116.5x1012

3.3

78.6

94.3

21.3

29.5

37.1

60.4

91.3

21.4

Median*

121.0

226.0

170.6

96.3

32.3

38.8

33.2

22.2

0.7

9.9

7.4

5.9

Mean*

155.0

2,284.0

188.1

77.1

39.4

54.3

258.4

26.7

16.5

24.5

28.3

11.5
*The value for Serbia and Montenegro in 1993 is not included in the mean and median totals
Note: Data for 1991-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates. The figure for Albania for 1997 is based on the information from parts of the country where data collection was possible.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

Figure 4. Inflation in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia in 1996-2002 (average, in per cent)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.5. General Government Balance in Transition countries (in per cent of GDP)
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

CIS*

-4.8

-15.7

-16.3

-9.1

-6.4

-6.2

-5.6

-4.8

-4.5

-2.2

-1.1

-0.8

Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States*

-1.1

-4.9

-2.8

-2.1

-2.4

-2.3

-2.0

-2.7

-4.2

-3.3

-3.4

-4.4

South-Eastern Europe*

-9.9

-10.1

-9.5

-5.3

-3.9

-6.4

-4.0

-4.8

-4.8

-3.6

-4.3

-4.1
CIS

Armenia

-1.9

-13.9

-54.7

-16.5

-9.0

-8.5

-5.8

-4.9

-7.4

-6.3

-3.8

-0.6

Azerbaijan

na

2.7

-15.3

-11.2

-3.1

-2.4

-4.0

-4.9

-4.7

-0.6

1.4

1.5

Belarus

na

-2.0

-5.5

-3.5

-2.7

-1.6

-0.7

-0.3

-2.2

-0.6

-1.4

-0.4

Georgia

-3.0

-25.4

-26.2

-7.4

-5.3

-7.3

-6.7

-5.4

-6.7

-4.0

-2.0

-1.9

Kazakhstan

-7.9

-7.3

-4.1

-7.4

-3.4

-5.3

-7.0

-8.0

-5.2

-1.0

-0.9

0.0

Kyrgyz Republic

na

na

-14.4

-11.6

-17.3

-9.5

-9.2

-9.5

-11.9

-9.6

-5.1

-5.8

Moldova

0.0

-26.6

-7.5

-19.2

-13.1

-15.2

-14.1

-5.7

-5.4

-2.6

-0.5

-1.3

Russia

na

-18.9

-7.3

-10.4

-6.1

-8.9

-8.0

-8.0

-3.3

3.0

2.9

1.4

Tajikistan

-20.2

-31.2

-22.3

-10.1

-6.1

-5.8

-3.3

-2.7

-2.3

-1.6

-1.1

0.6

Turkmenistan

3.0

-9.4

-4.1

1.7

-0.4

0.3

-0.2

-2.6

0.0

0.3

1.0

-2.7

Ukraine

na

-25.4

-16.2

-8.7

-6.1

-3.2

-5.4

-2.8

-2.4

-1.3

-1.6

0.8

Uzbekistan

-3.6

na

-18.3

-4.4

-4.1

-7.3

-2.2

-3.3

-2.6

-2.2

-2.3

-0.8
Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

Croatia

na

-3.9

-0.8

1.2

-1.4

-1.0

-1.9

-1.0

-6.5

-6.9

-6.8

-6.2

Czech Republic

-1.9

-3.1

0.5

-1.2

-1.1

-1.7

-2.1

-2.4

-2.8

-4.4

-5.1

-7.3

Estonia

na

na

na

1.3

-1.3

-1.5

2.2

-0.3

-4.6

-0.7

0.4

1.2

Hungary

-2.9

-6.1

-6.0

-7.5

-6.7

-5.0

-4.8

-4.8

-3.4

-3.4

-4.7

-9.9

Latvia

na

na

na

-4.4

-4.0

-1.8

0.3

-0.8

-3.9

-3.3

-1.9

-2.5

Lithuania

na

na

-5.3

-4.8

-4.4

-4.5

-1.8

-5.8

-8.5

-2.8

-2.0

-1.2

Poland

-2.1

-4.9

-2.4

-2.2

-3.1

-3.3

-3.1

-3.2

-3.7

-3.2

-5.4

-5.7

Slovak Republic

na

-11.9

-6.0

-1.5

0.4

-1.3

-5.2

-5.0

-3.6

-3.6

-3.9

-5.5

Slovenia

2.6

0.3

0.6

-0.2

-0.3

-0.2

-1.7

-1.4

-0.9

-1.3

-1.2

-2.9
South-Eastern Europe

Albania

-20.7

-23.1

-15.5

-12.6

-10.1

-12.1

-12.6

-10.4

-11.4

-9.1

-8.5

-7.5

Bosnia and Herzegovina

na

na

na

na

-0.3

-4.4

-0.5

-8.0

-9.1

-9.9

-6.0

-4.1

Bulgaria

-4.5

-2.9

-8.7

-3.9

-5.7

-10.3

-2.0

1.3

0.2

-0.6

-0.6

-0.8

FYR Macedonia

-4.5

-9.8

-13.4

-2.7

-1.0

-1.4

-0.4

-1.7

0.0

2.6

-5.9

-3.5

Romania

na

-4.6

-0.4

-2.2

-2.5

-3.9

-4.6

-5.0

-3.5

-3.7

-3.5

-2.7

Serbia and Montenegro

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

-0.9

-1.3

-5.7
* Unweighted average for the region
na - not available
Note: Data for 1991-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

Table 8.6. Current Account Balance in Transition Countries (in per cent of GDP)
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS*

na

na

-8.2

-5.1

-5.1

-8.2

-9.0

-9.7

-6.5

-3.0

-4.7

-4.5

CIS*

na

na

-16.5

-8.0

-6.7

-9.0

-10.0

-13.1

-6.5

-0.2

-2.5

-1.0

Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States*

-1.0

2.9

1.3

0.0

-2.7

-5.7

-6.8

-6.7

-6.2

-4.7

-4.9

-5.5

South-Eastern Europe*

-3.4

-4.3

-11.0

-7.1

-5.5

-10.3

-10.1

-7.4

-7.1

-6.1

-9.0

-9.8
CIS

Armenia

na

na

-14.3

-16.0

-17.0

-18.2

-18.7

-21.3

-16.6

-14.6

-9.5

-6.2

Azerbaijan

na

na

-12.2

-9.4

-13.2

-25.8

-23.1

-30.7

-13.1

-3.2

-0.9

-7.3

Belarus

na

na

-11.9

-9.1

-4.4

-3.7

-6.1

-0.7

-1.6

-2.5

-2.3

-2.8

Georgia

na

na

-40.2

-22.3

-7.5

-9.1

-10.6

-9.4

-8.2

-5.4

-6.7

-6.3

Kazakhstan

na

na

-7.9

-7.8

-1.3

-3.6

-3.6

-5.6

-1.0

3.7

-4.9

-2.4

Kyrgyz Republic

na

na

-10.0

-7.6

-15.7

-23.3

-7.8

-22.1

-14.7

-5.8

-1.2

-2.3

Moldova

na

na

-14.5

-8.4

-6.8

-9.8

-12.5

-17.3

-3.6

-8.4

-7.4

-7.6

Russia

na

na

na

3.0

2.2

2.8

0.5

0.3

12.7

17.7

10.8

9.4

Tajikistan

na

na

-28.8

-20.1

-14.8

-7.1

-5.4

-9.1

-3.4

-6.4

-7.0

-2.1

Turkmenistan

na

na

na

4.0

0.9

-0.1

-25.3

-37.4

-28.9

15.2

-2.4

4.5

Ukraine

na

na

na

-4.9

-3.1

-2.7

-2.7

-3.1

2.6

4.7

3.7

7.9

Uzbekistan

na

na

-8.4

2.1

-0.2

-7.8

-5.4

-0.9

-2.0

2.7

-1.8

2.8
Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic States

Croatia

-3.4

3.2

5.7

5.9

-7.7

-5.5

-11.6

-7.1

-7.0

-2.3

-3.8

-4.9

Czech Republic

na

na

1.3

-1.9

-2.6

-7.1

-6.7

-2.2

-2.7

-5.3

-4.6

-5.3

Estonia

na

3.3

1.3

-7.2

-4.4

-9.2

-12.1

-9.2

-4.7

-5.7

-6.2

-12.6

Hungary

0.8

0.9

-9.0

-9.4

-5.6

-3.7

-2.1

-4.9

-4.3

-2.8

-2.2

-4.2

Latvia

na

na

19.1

5.5

-0.4

-5.5

-6.1

-10.7

-9.8

-6.9

-9.5

-7.8

Lithuania

na

na

-3.2

-2.2

-9.9

-9.2

-10.2

-11.9

-11.2

-6.0

-4.8

-4.8

Poland

-2.6

1.1

-0.7

0.7

4.5

-1.0

-3.2

-4.4

-7.5

-6.3

-4.0

-3.6

Slovak Republic

na

na

-4.7

4.6

2.1

-10.6

-9.6

-9.7

-5.5

-3.7

-8.8

-8.2

Slovenia

1.0

6.1

1.5

4.0

-0.4

0.3

0.3

-0.6

-3.5

-3.0

0.2

1.8
South-Eastern Europe

Albania

na

na

-30.1

-14.4

-7.2

-9.1

-12.1

-6.1

-7.2

-6.9

-6.3

-8.7

Bosnia and Herzegovina

na

na

na

-14.1

-10.3

-27.3

-31.0

-16.2

-15.5

-10.1

-14.8

-18.9

Bulgaria

-1.0

-4.2

-10.1

-0.3

-0.2

0.2

4.1

-0.5

-5.3

-5.6

-6.5

-4.3

FYR Macedonia

-5.5

-0.8

0.6

-5.3

-5.0

-6.5

-7.7

-10.1

-3.4

-3.1

-9.8

-10.5

Romania

-3.5

-8.0

-4.5

-1.4

-5.0

-7.3

-6.1

-6.9

-3.6

-3.7

-6.0

-3.6

Serbia and Montenegro

na

na

na

na

na

-11.6

-7.7

-4.8

-7.5

-7.4

-10.7

-12.9
* Unweighted average for the region
na - not available
Note: Data for 1991-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

Figure 5. Current Account Balance in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (in per cent of GDP)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.7. Unemployment in the CIS (in per cent of Labour Force)
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

Armenia (annual average) 1

6.6

6.7

9.3

10.8

9.4

11.2

11.7

9.6

9.4

Azerbaijan (end year) 2

0.6

0.7

0.8

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

na

Belarus (end year) 3

2.1

2.7

3.9

2.8

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.3

Georgia (end year)

3.6

3.1

2.8

7.7

12.3

12.7

10.3

11.1

14.3

Kazakhstan (annual average)

8.1

13.0

8.6

7.3

6.6

6.3

12.2

11.0

9.4

Kyrgyz Republic (end year) 4

na

5.7

7.8

5.7

5.6

7.2

5.6

na

na

Moldova (end year) 5

na

na

na

na

9.2

11.1

8.5

8.5

9.3

Russia (end year)

7.8

8.5

9.6

10.8

11.9

12.6

10.5

9.0

na

Tajikistan (end year) 6

1.7

2.0

2.6

2.8

3.2

3.0

2.7

2.3

2.7

Turkmenistan 7

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

Ukraine (end year)

0.3

0.3

1.3

2.3

3.7

4.3

4.2

3.7

3.8

Uzbekistan (end year) 8

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.6

na
na - not available
Note: Data for 1995-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report 2002", "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

1 Registered unemployed. Unofficial estimates indicate substantially higher unemployment.
2 Differ from official data. Less than 5 per cent of all unemployed are registered.
3 Officially registered unemployed.
4 Registered unemployed. Unofficial estimates indicate unemployment around 20 per cent.
5 Unemployment rate according to the International Bureau of Labour.
6 Officially registered unemployed. The World Bank estimates the true unemployment rate in 2000 at more than 30 per cent of the labour force.
7 Every Turkmen citizen is guaranteed employment, therefore, official unemployment does not exist. According to a household survey, unemployment was 19 per cent in 1998.
8 Officially registered unemployed.

Figure 6. Unemployment rate in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia (in per cent)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.8. External Debt in the CIS (in per cent of GDP)
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

Armenia

30.9

30.1

33.4

41.4

41.6

46.3

45.0

42.7

43.3

Azerbaijan

18.3

17.6

16.4

15.2

16.1

22.6

23.9

24.5

26.2

Belarus

25.7

14.7

7.2

7.4

0.7

7.6

7.1

7.6

6.5

Georgia

80.4

63.7

44.9

42.8

39.8

60.3

52.8

53.0

55.0

Kazakhstan

38.4

28.7

27.8

35.0

45.0

71.9

69.4

67.5

70.1

Kyrgyz Republic

na

61.2

71.4

96.9

119.3

170.1

158.2

142.3

138.6

Moldova

53.1

39.7

42.5

60.9

75.9

105.7

108.0

94.2

97.7

Russia

49.6

43.8

39.7

38.4

70.2

95.8

66.2

53.6

na

Tajikistan

na

130.0

82.4

98.7

89.4

113.5

123.7

103.9

81.9

Turkmenistan

20.0

20.2

30.6

56.5

68.7

101.5

87.8

78.6

64.0

Ukraine

21.9

21.6

20.2

20.0

33.1

47.6

42.6

34.9

33.0

Uzbekistan

na

21.8

18.8

26.6

32.3

57.7

65.6

74.5

55.3
na - not available
Note: Data for 1995-2001 represent the most recent official estimates of outturns as reflected in publications from the national authorities, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD. Data for 2002 are preliminary actuals, mostly official government estimates.
Source: EBRD "Transition report 2002", "Transition report update. May 2003. Economic transition in central and eastern Europe and the CIS"

Figure 7. External Debt in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (in per cent of GDP)
Click on the Figure to enlarge

Table 8.9. Summary of Current Account Balances (bln USD)
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Advanced economies, of which 38.5 90.2 38.1 -102.2 -246.3 -206.7 -193.3 -241.9
United States -117.2 -127.7 -204.7 -290.8 -411.5 -393.7 -480.9 -541.8
Euro area 79.7 100.0 61.4 28.9 -29.8 14.0 77.9 53.2
Japan 65.7 96.6 119.1 114.5 119.6 87.8 112.7 136.4
Newly industrialized Asian economies -2.2 6.1 64.9 58.4 41.4 52.0 63.6 86.5
Other emerging market and developing countries -87.8 -82.9 -115.0 -18.1 88.1 37.9 83.6 121.0
Africa -5.5 -6.5 -19.5 -15.9 5.4 -1.5 -7.4 -3.9
Central and eastern Europe -18.6 -20.2 -18.2 -25.4 -31.7 -14.8 -22.2 -31.7
CIS 2.6 -8.8 -9.7 20.6 46.3 32.6 31.8 39.5
Developing Asia -38.6 9.2 48.9 48.1 45.4 38.1 68.1 61.8
Middle East 11.4 10.3 -25.3 11.5 69.6 38.1 29.0 51.7
Western Hemisphere -39.1 -66.8 -91.2 -57.0 -47.0 -54.5 -15.8 3.8

Source: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2004

Table 8.10 Summary of Financial Indicators (percent)
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Central government fiscal balance (in % of GDP)
Advanced economies -2.8 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1 0.2 -1.0 -2.5 -3.3
United States -1.9 -0.6 0.5 1.1 1.9 0.4 -2.5 -4.1
Euro area -3.8 -2.6 -2.4 -1.6 -0.4 -1.5 -2.0 -2.3
Japan -4.4 -4.0 -3.8 -8.5 -6.9 -6.3 -7.0 -6.8
United Kingdom -4.4 -2.2 0.1 1.1 4.0 0.8 -1.6 -3.2
Newly industrialized Asian economies 1.0 0.8 -1.1 -1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5
Other emerging market and developing countries
Weighted average -2.6 -2.9 -3.8 -3.8 -3.0 -3.2 -3.5 -3.0
Median -2.5 -2.5 -2.8 -3.2 -2.7 -3.6 -3.3 -3.2
General government fiscal balance (in % of GDP)
Advanced economies -3.2 -1.6 -1.2 -0.8 0.1 -1.3 -3.1 -4.0
United States -2.2 -0.8 0.4 0.9 1.6 -0.2 -3.3 -4.9
Euro area -4.3 -2.6 -2.3 -1.3 -0.9 -1.7 -2.3 -2.8
Japan -5.1 -3.8 -5.5 -7.2 -7.5 -6.1 -7.9 -8.2
United Kingdom -4.2 -2.2 0.1 1.1 3.9 0.8 -1.5 -3.0
Newly industrialized Asian economies 3.2 4.2 2.5 1.3 -2.1 -4.8 -3.4 -3.3
Other emerging market and developing countries
Weighted average -3.5 -3.8 -4.8 -4.8 -3.6 -4.0 -4.4 -3.6
Median -2.8 -2.4 -3.3 -3.5 -3.2 -3.2 -3.9 -3.0
Growth of broad money*
Advanced economies 4.9 5.0 6.7 5.8 4.9 8.7 5.8 5.1
United States 4.6 5.6 8.5 6.3 6.1 10.3 6.8 5.3
Euro area 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.4 4.2 11.2 6.7 6.4
Japan 3.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 1.9 3.3 1.8 1.6
United Kingdom 9.6 5.6 8.5 4.2 8.4 6.3 7.3 6.1
Newly industrialized Asian economies 12.6 11.5 19.7 16.9 14.0 7.0 5.5 6.8
Other emerging market and developing countries
Weighted average29.4 19.5 16.918.2 14.9 14.916.6 16.9
Median16.7 17.2 10.913.2 13.2 13.613.0 10.8

* M2, defined as M1 plus quasi-money, except for Japan, and the United Kingdom, for which the data are based on M2 plus certificates of deposit (CDs), and M4, respectively. Quasi-money is essentially private term deposits and other notice deposits. The US also includes money market mutual fund balances, money market deposit accounts, overnight repurchase agreements, and overnight Eurodollars issued to US residents by foreign branches of US banks. For the UK, M4 is composed of non-interest-bearing M1, private sector interest-bearing sterling sight bank deposits, private sector sterling time bank deposits, private sector holdings of sterling bank CDs, private sector holdings of building society shares and deposits, and sterling CDs less building society of banks deposits and bank CDs and notes and coins. For the euro area, M3 is composed of M2 plus marketable instruments held by euro-area residents, which comprise repurchase agreements, money market fund shares/units, money market paper, and debt securities up to two years.

Source: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2004

Table 8.11. Summary of Inflation (percent)

Ten-Year Average

1986-1995

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
GDP deflators
Advanced economies 3.4 1.9 1.7 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.8 1.5 1.3
United States 2.8 1.9 1.7 1.1 1.4 2.2 2.4 1.5 1.6
Euro area . . . 2.9 -0.1 1.2 1.7 1.4 2.4 2.5 2.1
Japan* 1.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 -1.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.2 -2.5
United Kingdom 4.7 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.3 1.4 2.3 3.2 3.1
Newly industrialized Asian economies 5.7 4.3 3.5 3.5 -1.5 -0.7 1.6 0.8 -0.2
Consumer prices
Advanced economies 3.6 2.4 2.0 1.5 1.4 2.1 2.1 1.5 1.8
United States 3.5 2.9 2.3 1.5 2.2 3.4 2.8 1.6 2.3
Euro area** . . . 2.2 1.6 1.1 1.1 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.1
Japan* 1.4 - 1.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2
United Kingdom 4.3 2.5 1.8 1.6 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.4
Newly industrialized Asian economies 5.0 4.3 3.3 4.4 - 1.1 1.9 0.9 1.4
Other emerging market and developing countries 58.0 18.1 11.6 11.4 10.4 7.3 6.8 6.0 6.1
Africa 27.4 28.2 13.5 10.2 11.5 13.0 11.8 9.6 10.3
Central and eastern Europe 59.2 37.3 52.0 33.0 23.3 23.0 19.6 14.8 9.2
CIS . . . 55.7 18.0 24.0 69.6 24.5 20.4 13.8 12.1
Developing Asia 11.2 8.2 4.9 7.8 2.5 1.9 2.7 2.0 2.7
Middle East 17.7 14.4 11.0 10.5 11.0 8.5 7.1 7.5 8.6
Western Hemisphere 194.7 19.5 11.5 8.5 7.2 6.6 6.0 8.9 10.6
Median inflation rate
Advanced economies 3.6 2.2 1.8 1.6 1.4 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.2
Other emerging market and developing countries 10.0 8.8 7.0 6.2 4.1 4.2 4.9 3.3 4.6

*Annual data are calculated from seasonally adjusted quarterly data.
**Based on Eurostat’s harmonized index of consumer prices.

Source: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2004

Table 8.12 Summary of World Real GDP (annual percent change)

Ten-Year Average

1986-1995

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
World 3.3 4.1 4.2 2.8 3.7 4.7 2.4 3.0 3.9
Advanced economies 3.0 3.0 3.4 2.7 3.5 3.8 1.1 1.7 2.1
United States 2.9 3.7 4.5 4.2 4.4 3.7 0.5 2.2 3.1
Euro area … 1.4 2.3 2.9 2.8 3.5 1.6 0.9 0.4
Japan* 3.1 3.6 1.8 -1.2 0.2 2.8 0.4 -0.3 2.7
United Kingdom 2.5 2.7 3.3 3.1 2.8 3.8 2.1 1.7 2.3
Newly industrialized Asian economies 8.1 6.4 5.6 -2.2 7.2 7.9 1.1 5.1 3.0
Other emerging market and developing countries 3.7 5.6 5.3 3.0 4.0 5.9 4.1 4.6 6.1
Africa 1.9 5.7 3.2 3.2 2.7 3 3.8 3.5 4.1
Central and eastern Europe 0.8 4.8 4.2 2.8 0.4 4.8 0.3 4.4 4.5
CIS … -3.9 1.1 -3.5 5.1 9.1 6.4 5.1 7.6
Developing Asia 7.7 8.2 6.5 4.1 6.2 6.7 5.6 6.4 7.8
Middle East 2.8 4.8 5.5 4.0 2.1 5.9 4.3 4.2 5.4
Western Hemisphere 2.8 3.7 5.2 2.3 0.4 3.9 0.4 -0.1 1.7
Median growth rate
Advanced economies 3.0 3.3 3.9 3.6 3.9 4.2 1.6 1.7 1.6
Other emerging market and developing countries 3.1 4.3 4.6 3.7 3.4 4.1 3.5 3.3 4.1
Real GDP per capita
Advanced economies 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.0 2.9 3.3 0.5 1.1 1.6
Other emerging market and developing countries 1.9 4.0 3.8 1.5 2.5 4.4 2.7 3.3 4.7

World growth based on market exchange rates.

Value of world output (bln USD)

2.6 3.3 3.5 2.2 3.1 4.0 1.3 1.8 2.7
At market exchange rates 22,252 29,857 29,724 28,502 30,606 31,426 31,128 32,273 36,163
At purchasing power parities 26,735 35,719 37,918 39,404 41,394 44,236 46,292 48,176 50,431

*Annual data are calculated from seasonally adjusted quarterly data.

Source: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2004
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